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Author,, 2, A., SecAuthor,, Tert,, Subramanian, S., & Trans,. (1974). Geophysical Research Letters. Alt, Vol(Num). American Geophysical Union, 1909 K St. N.W., Washington, DC 20006: American Geophysical Union.
Abstract: Ab
Keywords: Geophysics Periodicals; Planets Periodicals; Lunar geology Periodicals
Notes: Description based on: vol. 13, no. 4, Apr. 1986.Semimonthly, 1992-Monthly, -1991
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Ullsperger, M., Bylsma, L. M., & Botvinick, M. M. (2005). The conflict adaptation effect: It's not just priming. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 5(4), 467–472.
Abstract: Analyses of trial sequences in flanker tasks have revealed cognitive adaptation, reflected in a reduced interference effect following incompatible trials (Gratton, Coles, & Donchin, 1992). These effects have been explained on the basis of the response conflict monitoring model of Botvinick, Braver, Barch, Carter, and Cohen (2001), who proposed that preceding response conflict triggers stronger top-down control, leading to performance improvements on subsequent trials of similar context. A recent study (Mayr, Awh, & Laurey, 2003) has challenged this account, suggesting that the behavioral adaptations are confined to trial sequences of exact trial repetitions and can therefore be explained by repetition priming. Here, we present two experiments in which the sequential dependency effect was present even on trial sequences that did not involve stimulus repeats. We discuss the data with respect to the conflict-monitoring and repetition-priming accounts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved) (from the journal abstract)
Keywords: conflict adaptation effect; priming; cognitive adaptation; response conflict monitoring; repetition-priming; information processing; Adjustment; Cognitive Processes; Conflict; Learning; Interference (Learning); Responses; Sequential Learning
Notes: 1530-70261531-135XAccession Number: 2006-01276-008. First Author & Affiliation: Ullsperger, Markus; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. Release Date: 20060130. Publication Type: Journal; Peer Reviewed Journal. Media Covered: Print. Media Available: Electronic; Print. Document Type: Original Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor(s): Adjustment; Cognitive Processes; Conflict; Learning; Priming. Minor Descriptor(s): Interference (Learning); Responses; Sequential Learning. Classification: Human Experimental Psychology (2300). Population: Human (10)Male (30)Female (40). Location: Germany; US. Age Group:Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs) (320); Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340); . References Available: Y.
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Aron, A. R., Schlaghecken, F., Fletcher, P. C., Bullmore, E. T., Eimer, M., Barker, R., et al. (2003). Inhibition of subliminally primed responses is mediated by the caudate and thalamus: Evidence from functional MRI and Huntington's disease. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 126(3), 713–723.
Abstract: The present study investigated the possibility that inhibitory control processes are mediated by a corticostriatal-pallidal-thalamic pathway by using a masked prime task with Huntington's disease patients and with healthy volunteers in a functional MRI (fMRI) study. In the masked prime task, clearly visible left- or right-pointing target arrows are preceded by briefly presented and subsequently masked prime arrows. Participants respond quickly with a left or right key-press to each target. Trials are either compatible or incompatible. Prior behavioural and electrophysiological results show that automatic inhibition of the initially primed response tendency is reflected in a 'negative compatibility effect', and is shown to consist of three distinct processes occurring within 300 ms. Experiment 1 tested the hypothesis that lesions of the striatum would interrupt automatic inhibitory control by studying early-stage Huntington's disease patients. Findings supported the hypothesis: there was a bimodal distribution for patients, with one-third showing disinhibition, manifested as an absent negative compatibility effect, and two-thirds showing excessive inhibition, manifested as a significantly greater negative compatibility effect than that in controls. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: subliminally primed responses; caudate; thalamus; Huntington's disease; corticostriatal-pallidal-thalamic pathway; Caudate Nucleus; Huntingtons Disease; Neuropsychology; Priming
Notes: 0006-89501460-2156Accession Number: 2003-01574-013. First Author & Affiliation: Aron, A. R.; Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Release Date: 20040503. Publication Type: Journal; Peer Reviewed Journal. Media Covered: Print. Media Available: Electronic; Print. Document Type: Original Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor(s): Caudate Nucleus; Huntingtons Disease; Neuropsychology; Priming; Thalamus. Classification: Physical & Somatoform & Psychogenic Disorders (3290). Population: Human (10)Male (30)Female (40). Age Group:Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); . References Available: Y.
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Woodward, T. S., Menon, M., Hu, X., & Keefe, R. S. E. (2006). Optimization of a multinomial model for investigating hallucinations and delusions with source monitoring. Schizophrenia Research, 85(1), 106–112.
Abstract: Studies of source monitoring have played an important role in cognitive investigations of the inner/outer confusions that characterize hallucinations and delusions in schizophrenia, and multinomial modelling is a statistical/cognitive modelling technique that provides a powerful method for analyzing source monitoring data. The purpose of the current work is to describe how multinomial models can be optimized to answer direct questions about hallucinations and delusions in schizophrenia research. To demonstrate this, we present a reanalysis of previously published source monitoring data, comparing a group of patients with schneiderian first rank symptoms to a group without schneiderian first rank symptoms. The main findings of this analysis were (1) impaired recognition of self-generated items and (2) evidence that impaired source discrimination of perceived items is accompanied by an internalization bias in the target symptom group. Statistical and cognitive interpretations of the findings are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (from the journal abstract)
Keywords: hallucinations; delusions; source monitoring; multinomial model; schizophrenia; Models
Notes: 0920-9964Accession Number: 2006-08996-011. First Author & Affiliation: Woodward, Todd S.; Department of Research, Riverview Hospital, Coquitlam, Canada. Other Journal Title: Schizophrenia Research. Release Date: 20060724. Publication Type: Journal (0100) Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Media Covered: Electronic. Media Available: Electronic; Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Delusions; Hallucinations; Models; Schizophrenia; Source Monitoring. Classification: Schizophrenia & Psychotic States (3213) . Population: Human (10) . Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. References Available: Y.
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Jovanovic, T., Norrholm, S. D., Keyes, M., Fiallos, A., Jovanovic, S., Myers, K. M., et al. (2006). Contingency Awareness and Fear Inhibition in a Human Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigm. Behavioral Neuroscience, 120(5), 995–1004.
Abstract: Fear-potentiated startle is defined as an increase in the magnitude of the startle reflex in the presence of a stimulus that was previously paired with an aversive event. It has been proposed that a subject's awareness of the contingencies in the experiment may affect fear-potentiated startle. The authors adapted a conditional discrimination procedure (AX+/BX-), previously validated in animals, to a human fear-potentiated startle paradigm in 50 healthy volunteers. This paradigm allows for an assessment of fear-potentiated startle during threat conditions as well as inhibition of fear-potentiated startle during safety conditions. A response keypad was used to assess contingency awareness on a trial-by-trial basis. Both aware and unaware subjects showed fear-potentiated startle. However, awareness was related to stimulus discrimination and fear inhibition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (from the journal abstract)
Keywords: human startle response; contingency awareness; discrimination learning; fear inhibition; Awareness; Fear; Response Inhibition; Startle Reflex
Notes: 0735-7044Accession Number: 2006-12871-001. First Author & Affiliation: Jovanovic, Tanja; Mental Health Service/116A, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, US. Other Journal Title: Behavioral Neuroscience. Release Date: 20061002. Publication Type: Journal (0100) Peer Reviewed Journal (0110). Media Covered: Electronic. Media Available: Electronic; Print. Document Type: Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor: Awareness; Discrimination Learning; Fear; Response Inhibition; Startle Reflex. Classification: Psychophysiology (2560) . Population: Human (10) Male (30) Female (40) . Location: US. Age Group: Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300) Young Adulthood (18-29 yrs) (320) Thirties (30-39 yrs) (340) Middle Age (40-64 yrs) (360) Aged (65 yrs & older) (380) . Grant Information: This research was supported by the Mental Health Service, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center; the Science and Technology Center Program, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, National Science Foundation under Agreement No. IBN-9876754 (Venture grant to Erica J. Duncan, principal investigator [PI]); the American Psychiatric Association and GlaxoSmithKline (Erica J. Duncan, PI); National Institute of Mental Health Grants 1R24MH067314-01A1 (B. Rothbaum, PI) and R37 MH47840 (Michael Davis, PI); Kirschstein National Research Service Award Individual Fellowship 1F32 MH070129-01A2 (Tanja Jovanovic, PI); and the Woodruff Foundation, Emory University School of Medicine. Tests & Measures: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders; . Methodology: Empirical Study; Quantitative Study. References Available: Y.
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