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Dieterich, V.; Buttler, A.; Hanel, A.; Spliethoff, H.; Fendt, S. |
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Title |
Power-to-Liquid via Synthesis of Methanol, DME or FischerTropsch-Fuels: A Review |
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2020 |
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Energy & Environmental Science |
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13 |
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10 |
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3207-3252 |
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The conversion of H2 and CO2 to liquid fuels via Power-to-Liquid (PtL) processes is gaining attention. With their higher energy densities compared to gases, the use of synthetic liquid fuels is particularly interesting in hard-to-abate sectors for which decarbonisation is difficult. However, PtL poses new challenges for the synthesis: away from syngas-based, continuously run, large-scale plants towards more flexible, small-scale concepts with direct CO2-utilisation. This review provides an overview of state of the art synthesis technologies as well as current developments and pilot plants for the most prominent PtL routes for methanol, DME and Fischer Tropsch-fuels. It should serve as a benchmark for future concepts, guide researchers in their process development and allow a technological evaluation of alternative reactor designs. In the case of power-to-methanol and power-to-FT-fuels, several pilot plants have been realised and the first commercial scale plants are planned or already in operation. In comparison power-to-DME is much less investigated and in an earlier stage of development. For methanol the direct CO2 hydrogenation offers advantages through less by-product formation and lower heat development. However, increased water formation and lower equilibrium conversion necessitate new catalysts and reactor designs. While DME synthesis offers benefits with regards to energy efficiency, operational experience from laboratory tests and pilot plants is still missing. Furthermore, four major process routes for power-to-DME are possible, requiring additional research to determine the optimal concept. In the case of Fischer Tropsch synthesis, catalysts for direct CO2 utilisation are still in an early stage. Consequently, todays Fischer Tropsch-based PtL requires a shift to syngas, benefiting from advances in co-electrolysis and reverse water-gas shift reactor design. |
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The Royal Society of Chemistry |
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1754-5706 |
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refbase @ user @ dieterichPowertoliquidSynthesisMethanol2020a |
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17614 |
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Giuliano, A.; Freda, C.; Catizzone, E. |
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Title |
Techno-Economic Assessment of Bio-Syngas Production for Methanol Synthesis: A Focus on the WaterGas Shift and Carbon Capture Sections |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Bioengineering |
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7 |
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3 |
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70 |
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methanol synthesis |
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The biomass-to-methanol process may play an important role in introducing renewables in the industry chain for chemical and fuel production. Gasification is a thermochemical process to produce syngas from biomass, but additional steps are requested to obtain a syngas composition suitable for methanol synthesis. The aim of this work is to perform a computer-aided process simulation to produce methanol starting from a syngas produced by oxygensteam biomass gasification, whose details are reported in the literature. Syngas from biomass gasification was compressed to 80 bar, which may be considered an optimal pressure for methanol synthesis. The simulation was mainly focused on the watergas shift/carbon capture sections requested to obtain a syngas with a (H2 CO2)/(CO + CO2) molar ratio of about 2, which is optimal for methanol synthesis. Both capital and operating costs were calculated as a function of the CO conversion in the watergas shift (WGS) step and CO2 absorption level in the carbon capture (CC) unit (by Selexol\® process). The obtained results show the optimal CO conversion is 40% with CO2 capture from the syngas equal to 95%. The effect of the WGS conversion level on methanol production cost was also assessed. For the optimal case, a methanol production cost equal to 0.540 ¬/kg was calculated. |
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
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refbase @ user @ giulianoTechnoEconomicAssessmentBioSyngas2020 |
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17637 |
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AG, H.2 E.; AG, I.B.A. |
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Prospekt: Erste Wasserkraft-Elektrolyseanlage Wasserstoff |
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2020 |
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refbase @ user @ h2energyagProspektErsteWasserkraftElektrolyseanlage2020 |
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17641 |
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Ogis, |
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Title |
OGIS – Glasindustrie Und Glasprodukte |
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2020 |
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Webseite |
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refbase @ user @ ogisOGISGlasindustrieUnd2020 |
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17678 |
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Schneider, S.; Bajohr, S.; Graf, F.; Kolb, T. |
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Title |
Verfahrensübersicht Zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff Durch Erdgas-Pyrolyse |
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2020 |
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Chemie Ingenieur Technik |
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92 |
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8 |
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1023-1032 |
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0009-286x, 1522-2640 |
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refbase @ user @ schneiderVerfahrensubersichtZurErzeugung2020 |
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17698 |
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