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Citations and References |
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2008 |
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2008 |
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04/15/08 |
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term paper; citation; references |
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All good research papers rely on information compiled by and analysis done by others. If you write a research paper without consulting other works, then you have written an essay, not a report. If you do rely in part on the work of other people and you do not cite them, you have failed in your responsibilities. A research paper must cite the work of others.There are two reasons that citations are mandatory. The first is to allow the reader to explore the subject further by consulting the works that you have utilized. Without regular and complete citations, such further exploration by your reader is difficult or impossible. Second, intellectual honesty requires citations. Failure to use them is plagiarism, which is unacceptable in any form. Plagiarism is the theft of the thoughts, facts, or knowledge of others by not giving them proper credit. |
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WordPress.com |
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4090 |
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Ferrari, G.L.; Marques, J.L.B.; Gandhi, R.A.; Emery, C.J.; Tesfaye, S.; Heller, S.R.; Schneider, F.K.; Gamba, H.R. |
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An approach to the assessment of diabetic neuropathy based on dynamic pupillometry |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc |
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2007 |
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557-560 |
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Adaptation, Ocular; Diabetic Neuropathies; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Light; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Pupil; Reflex, Pupillary; Time Factors |
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Autonomic neuropathy (AN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes. Early detection is essential to enable appropriate interventional therapy. It has long been recognized that subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are at much greater risk of developing AN, but there is currently no simple screening tool to assess them. The aim of this study was to investigate pupil responsiveness in diabetic subjects with and without DPN using dynamic pupillometry. During the first test, one flash was administered and the pupil response recorded for 3 seconds. In the second test, twenty-five flashes at one-second intervals were administered and the pupil response recorded for 30 seconds. Several time related parameters were computed from the results. A total of 29 diabetic subjects (17 no DPN, 12 DPN) and 25 healthy volunteers took part in the study. In the first test, pupil-iris ratios in darkness, large deviation and plateau were significantly different between groups. Latency time from flash exposure to the start of constriction was significantly longer in diabetic subjects with DPN compared to healthy volunteers. There was no difference in latency times of largest deviation, plateau or duration of constriction between groups. In the second test, the pupil-iris ratios evaluated in the frame preceding the tenth and the twenty-fifth light flash were significantly greater in healthy volunteers than diabetic subjects with DPN. Latency time from the tenth and twenty-fifth flash exposure to the start of constriction was significantly shorter in healthy volunteers than in diabetic subjects with DPN. |
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2206 |
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Farmer, K.A.; McGrath, S.P.; Blike, G.T. |
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An experimental architecture for observation of triage related decision making |
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2007 |
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc |
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2007 |
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1774-1777 |
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triage |
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The interpretation and use of standard triage protocols differ widely among first responders. We believe that experience among first responders is a major cause of these differences. The intent of this study is twofold; to present a novel design for an experimental architecture to observe first responders perform triage, and to use the experimental architecture in a pilot study to explore the hypotheses that expert first responders deviate from standard triage protocols, and experience makes expert first responders deviate from standard triage protocols and leads to more accurate triage assessments because experts consider physiological variables not looked at in standard triage protocols and recognize subtle physiological trends indicative of injury. Results from the pilot study demonstrated that particular physiological information given to expert subjects consistently caused the expert subjects to assign a higher triage assessment category than the START protocol dictated. This key physiological information included drops in the oxygen saturation level, prolonged airway obstruction, and signs of a serious internal injury. |
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Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Katherine.A.Farmer@Dartmouth |
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6843 |
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Angling, M.; Jackson-booth, N. |
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On the use of Ground and Space Based GPS Measurements in the Electron Density Assimilative Model ( EDAM ) |
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2009 |
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2007 |
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711-717 |
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8433 |
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Madison, M.J. |
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Social Software, Groups and Governance |
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2006 |
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Michigan State Dcl Law Review |
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2006 |
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1 |
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153-153 |
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