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Author |
Araya, T. |
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Title |
Stereotypes: Suppression, forgetting, and false memory |
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2003 |
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Nordic Journal of Psychiatry |
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Vol 57(5) |
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5 |
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pp.-394. |
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Keywords |
stereotypes; false memory; forgetting; recall; recognition; suppression; *False Memory; *Forgetting; *Recall (Learning); *Stereotyped Attitudes; *Suppression (Defense Mechanism); Recognition (Learning |
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Abstract |
This thesis presents four studies investigating: (1) whether incidentally primed control-related words can attenuate the impact of activated stereotypes on subsequent evaluation of a target person, (2) the impact of motivated forgetting on the recall of stereotypically congruent and incongruent information, and (3) the impact of a directed forgetting instruction on the false recall and recognition of nonpresented stereotypical information. The thesis presents a review and a discussion of some of the theoretical underpinnings of the extant literature on stereotyping and intergroup relations and of the social implications of the present findings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2003 APA, all rights reserved) |
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0803-9488 (Print) |
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refbase @ user @ Araya2003 |
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6551 |
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Author |
Wühr, P. |
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Title |
Evidence for gating of direct response activation in the Simon task |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2005 |
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Psychonomic Bulletin & Review |
Abbreviated Journal |
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12 |
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2 |
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282-288 |
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gating; response activation; Simon task; Simon effect; stimulus position; Sensory Gating; Spatial Organization; Stimulus Parameters |
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The Simon effect denotes faster responses when the task-irrelevant stimulus position corresponds to the response position than when it does not. Accounts of this effect assume that stimulus position automatically activates a spatially corresponding response while the correct response is being computed. Yet the Simon effect has been found to be reduced after noncorresponding trials. Some authors have interpreted these sequential modulations of the Simon effect as evidence for a mechanism gating position-based response activation. Alternatively, sequential modulations have been explained in terms of feature-integration processes, which depend upon the fact that different sequences of spatial-correspondence conditions covary with different degrees of feature overlap between subsequent trials. The present study investigates whether sequential modulations of the Simon effect can occur when feature overlap in the different conditions is the same. Therefore, a Simon task with four stimulus positions and two response positions was used. Sequential modulations of the Simon effect were found in trial sequences with constant amounts of feature overlap between trials. Although the feature-integration account cannot explain this result, it is consistent with the idea of a gating (i.e., cognitive control) mechanism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved) (from the journal abstract) |
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Psychonomic Society |
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WÃRhr, Peter, Institut fur Psychologie I, Friedrich-Alexander Universitat, Kochstrasse 4, 91054, Erl |
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1069-9384Accession Number: 2005-07095-007. First Author & Affiliation: WÃRhr, Peter; Friedrich-Alexander Universitìt, Erlangen, Germany. Release Date: 20050718. Publication Type: Journal; Peer Reviewed Journal. Media Covered: Print. Media Available: Electronic; Print. Document Type: Original Journal Article. Language: English. Major Descriptor(s): Sensory Gating; Spatial Organization; Stimulus Parameters. Classification: Human Experimental Psychology (2300). Population: Human (10)Male (30)Female (40). Age Group:Adulthood (18 yrs & older) (300); . References Available: Y. |
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4431 |
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Moustafa, M.; Bullock, A.J.; Creagh, F.M.; Heller, S.; Jeffcoate, W.; Game, F.; Amery, C.; Tesfaye, S.; Ince, Z.; Haddow, D.B.; MacNeil, S. |
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Randomized, controlled, single-blind study on use of autologous keratinocytes on a transfer dressing to treat nonhealing diabetic ulcers |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Regen Med |
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2 |
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6 |
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887-902 |
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Adult; Aged; Bandages; Cell Line; Diabetic Foot; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Keratinocytes; Leg Ulcer; Male; Middle Aged; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing |
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AIM: To compare the rate of healing of diabetic neuropathic ulcers using cultured autologous keratinocytes delivered on chemically defined transfer discs (Myskin) (active treatment) versus healing obtained with cell-free discs (placebo). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After a 4-week lead-in period patients (randomly assigned) received active or placebo treatments weekly for 6 weeks. All patients then received active treatments for a maximum of 12 treatments where required. Altogether, 16 patients with a total of 21 ulcers resistant to conventional therapy were recruited from four specialist diabetic centers in three cities. RESULTS: All 21 ulcers were treated and of these ten healed and eight improved, with two failing to respond (one ulcer was lost due to autoamputation). For analysis according to the study criteria, however, only the 12 patients with 12 index ulcers who completed treatment protocols were eligible – five in the placebo group and seven in the active group. Of these, five ulcers healed completely and seven were reduced by more than 50%. Complete healing took a median of ten active applications. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated regular applications of the patient's keratinocytes, delivered on the carrier dressing, initiated wound healing in ulcers resistant to conventional therapy, with 18 out of 21 ulcers responding. The healing observed did not appear attributable to patient recruitment or the cell-free carrier dressing but to the delivery of the cultured cells. |
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1746-076x |
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refbase @ user @ Moustafa2007 |
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2205 |
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Ferrari, G.L.; Marques, J.L.B.; Gandhi, R.A.; Emery, C.J.; Tesfaye, S.; Heller, S.R.; Schneider, F.K.; Gamba, H.R. |
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An approach to the assessment of diabetic neuropathy based on dynamic pupillometry |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc |
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2007 |
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557-560 |
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Adaptation, Ocular; Diabetic Neuropathies; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Light; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Pupil; Reflex, Pupillary; Time Factors |
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Autonomic neuropathy (AN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes. Early detection is essential to enable appropriate interventional therapy. It has long been recognized that subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are at much greater risk of developing AN, but there is currently no simple screening tool to assess them. The aim of this study was to investigate pupil responsiveness in diabetic subjects with and without DPN using dynamic pupillometry. During the first test, one flash was administered and the pupil response recorded for 3 seconds. In the second test, twenty-five flashes at one-second intervals were administered and the pupil response recorded for 30 seconds. Several time related parameters were computed from the results. A total of 29 diabetic subjects (17 no DPN, 12 DPN) and 25 healthy volunteers took part in the study. In the first test, pupil-iris ratios in darkness, large deviation and plateau were significantly different between groups. Latency time from flash exposure to the start of constriction was significantly longer in diabetic subjects with DPN compared to healthy volunteers. There was no difference in latency times of largest deviation, plateau or duration of constriction between groups. In the second test, the pupil-iris ratios evaluated in the frame preceding the tenth and the twenty-fifth light flash were significantly greater in healthy volunteers than diabetic subjects with DPN. Latency time from the tenth and twenty-fifth flash exposure to the start of constriction was significantly shorter in healthy volunteers than in diabetic subjects with DPN. |
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1557-170x |
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refbase @ user @ Ferrari2007 |
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2206 |
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Author |
Heller, S.R. |
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Title |
Self monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Bmj |
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335 |
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7611 |
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105-106 |
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Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans |
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1468-5833 |
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refbase @ user @ Heller2007 |
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2207 |
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