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Author |
Martinez, E. |
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Title |
The subice fauna of the laptev Sea |
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2010 |
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Helgoland Marine Research |
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34 |
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2 |
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12-23 |
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Hello world |
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This is the abstarct |
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11489 |
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Author |
Gerland, S; Winther, J-G; Örbæk, JB; Ivanov, BV |
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Title |
Physical properties, spectral reflectance and thickness development of first year fast ice in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard |
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Book Chapter |
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1999 |
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Proceedings of the International Symposium on Polar Aspects of Global Change |
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275-282 |
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Fast ice; Ice properties; Reflectance; Ice thickness; Physical properties; PNE, Norway, Svalbard, Kongsfjorden |
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A ground truth study was performed on first year fast ice in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, during spring 1997 and 1998. The survey included sea ice thickness monitoring as well as observation of surface albedo, attenuation of optical radiation in the ice, physical properties and texture of snow and sea ice. The average total sea ice thickness in May was about 0.9 m, including a 0.2 m thick snow layer on top. Within a few weeks in both years, the snow melted almost completely, whereas the ice thickness decreased by not more than 0.05 m. During spring, the lower part of the snow refroze into a solid layer. The sea ice became more porous. Temperatures in the sea ice increased and the measurable salinity of the sea ice decreased with time. Due to snow cover thinning and snow grain growth, maximum surface albedo decreased from 0.96 to 0.74. Texture analysis on cores showed columnar ice with large crystals (max. crystal length > 0.1 m) below a 0.11 m thick mixed surface layer of granular ice with smaller crystals. In both years, we observed sea ice algae at the bottom part of the ice. This layer has a significant effect on the radiation transmissivity. |
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Norwegian Polar Institute, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Tromsoe, Norway |
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Norsk Polarinstitutt |
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English |
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English |
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Polar Research |
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Polar Res |
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18 |
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2 |
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0800-0395 |
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International Symposium on Polar Aspects of Global Change, Tromso (Norway), 24-28 Aug 1998 |
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refbase @ user @ 726 |
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6 |
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Leskovec, J.; Kleinberg, J.; Faloutsos, C. |
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Title |
Graphs over time: densification laws, shrinking diameters and possible explanations |
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Book Chapter |
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2005 |
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KDD '05: Proceeding of the eleventh ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery in data mining |
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177-187 |
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ACM Press |
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New York, NY, USA |
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1-59593-135-X |
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ref1081893; refbase @ user @ |
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42 |
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Author |
Raghavan, P. |
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Title |
Incentive networks |
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Book Chapter |
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2005 |
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KDD '05: Proceeding of the eleventh ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery in data mining |
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1-1 |
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ACM Press |
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New York, NY, USA |
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1-59593-135-X |
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ref1081871; refbase @ user @ |
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43 |
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Author |
Murmann, J.P. |
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Title |
Knowledge and competitive advantage: The coevolution of firms, technology, and national institutions |
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2003 |
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Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise |
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294 |
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Technological Change, Research and Development: General (O300); Chemicals, Rubber, Drugs, Biotechnology (L650); Economic History: Manufacturing and Construction (includes Housing): General, International, or Comparative (multinational firms) (N600); Micro-Business History: General, International, or Comparative (N800); Technology |
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Seeks an explanation for shifting industrial leadership during the early years of the synthetic dye industry, from 1856 to 1914, and contributes to a coevolutionary theory that models firms as interacting with their social environment. Analyzes the industrial leadership in the synthetic dye industry at the level of national industries to explain why British, German, and U.S. industries followed very different development paths. Uses the sampling methods of organizational ecologists to examine the entire population of dye firms that existed from 1857 to 1914--large firms and small firms, short-lived and long-lived, failures and successes. Analyzes industrial leadership at the level of the individual firms, focusing on matched pairs of firms--a winner and a loser from Great Britain, Germany, and the United States. Investigates the extent to which firms were collectively able to influence key institutional features of their national environment and why German firms were more successful than British and American firms in their lobbying efforts to upgrade educational institutions and to change patent laws in their favor. Assesses the ability of existing theories to account for shifts in industrial leadership in the synthetic dye industry and develops a coevolutionary model to explain these shifts. Murmann is Assistant Professor of Management and Organizations at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University. Bibliography; index. |
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Cambridge Studies in the Emergence of Global Enterprise. Cambridge; New York and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press |
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0521813298 |
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refbase @ admin @ |
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47 |
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