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Author |
Underwood, G.J.C.; Aslam, S.N.; Michel, C.; Niemi, A.; Norman, L.; Meiners, K.M.; Laybourn-Parry, J.; Paterson, H.; Thomas, D.N. |
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Title |
Broad-scale predictability of carbohydrates and exopolymers in Antarctic and Arctic sea ice |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
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Volume |
110 |
Issue |
39 |
Pages |
15734-15739 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic Regions; Arctic Regions; Biopolymers/*analysis; Carbohydrates/*analysis; Ice Cover/*chemistry; Models, Chemical; Molecular Weight; Solubility; algae; biogeochemistry; global relationships; microbial |
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Abstract |
Sea ice can contain high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), much of which is carbohydrate-rich extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microalgae and bacteria inhabiting the ice. Here we report the concentrations of dissolved carbohydrates (dCHO) and dissolved EPS (dEPS) in relation to algal standing stock [estimated by chlorophyll (Chl) a concentrations] in sea ice from six locations in the Southern and Arctic Oceans. Concentrations varied substantially within and between sampling sites, reflecting local ice conditions and biological content. However, combining all data revealed robust statistical relationships between dCHO concentrations and the concentrations of different dEPS fractions, Chl a, and DOC. These relationships were true for whole ice cores, bottom ice (biomass rich) sections, and colder surface ice. The distribution of dEPS was strongly correlated to algal biomass, with the highest concentrations of both dEPS and non-EPS carbohydrates in the bottom horizons of the ice. Complex EPS was more prevalent in colder surface sea ice horizons. Predictive models (validated against independent data) were derived to enable the estimation of dCHO concentrations from data on ice thickness, salinity, and vertical position in core. When Chl a data were included a higher level of prediction was obtained. The consistent patterns reflected in these relationships provide a strong basis for including estimates of regional and seasonal carbohydrate and dEPS carbon budgets in coupled physical-biogeochemical models, across different types of sea ice from both polar regions. |
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School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom |
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Publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
Place of Publication |
Washington, DC |
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English |
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English |
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ISSN |
0027-8424 |
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Notes |
PMID:24019487; PMCID:PMC3785782 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial  |
17491 |
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Author |
Steffens, M.; Granskog, M.A.; Kaartokallio, H.; Kuosa, H.; Luodekari, K.; Papadimitriou, S.; Thomas, D.N. |
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Title |
Spatial variation of biogeochemical properties of landfast sea ice in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sea Ice, Dunedin (New Zealand), 5-9 Dec 2005 |
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Pages |
80-87 |
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International Glaciological Society |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
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Series Title |
Annals of Glaciology |
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Series Volume |
44 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ admin @ Steffens2006 |
Serial |
17407 |
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Author |
Steffens, M.; Granskog, M.A.; Kaartokallio, H.; Kuosa, H.; Luodekari, K.; Papadimitriou, S.; Thomas, D.N. |
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Title |
Spatial variation of biogeochemical properties of landfast sea ice in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sea Ice, Dunedin (New Zealand), 5-9 Dec 2005 |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
80-87 |
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Publisher |
International Glaciological Society |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
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Series Title |
Annals of Glaciology |
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Series Volume |
44 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ admin @ Steffens2006 |
Serial |
17396 |
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Author |
Steffens, M.; Granskog, M.A.; Kaartokallio, H.; Kuosa, H.; Luodekari, K.; Papadimitriou, S.; Thomas, D.N. |
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Title |
Spatial variation of biogeochemical properties of landfast sea ice in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Sea Ice, Dunedin (New Zealand), 5-9 Dec 2005 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
80-87 |
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Publisher |
International Glaciological Society |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
Annals of Glaciology |
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Series Volume |
44 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ admin @ Steffens2006 |
Serial |
17385 |
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Author |
Thomas, D.N.; Dieckmann, G.S. (eds) |
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Title |
Sea ice – an introduction to its physics, chemistry, biology and geology |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2003 |
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Keywords |
zoology; sea ice |
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Abstract |
Sea ice, which covers up to 7% of the planet's surface, is a major component of the world's oceans, partly driving ocean circulation and global climate patterns. It provides a habitat for a rich diversity of marine organisms, and is a valuable source of information in studies of global climate change and the evolution of present day life forms. Increasingly, sea ice is being used as a proxy for extraterrestrial ice covered systems. Sea Ice provides a comprehensive review of our current available knowledge of polar pack ice, the study of which is severely constrained by the logistic difficulties of working in such harsh and remote regions of the earth. The book's editors, Drs Thomas and Dieckmann have drawn together an impressive group of international contributing authors, providing a well-edited and integrated volume, which will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Contents of the book include details of the growth, microstructure and properties of sea ice, large-scale variations in thickness and characteristics, its primary production, micro-and macrobiology, sea ice as a habitat for birds and mammals, sea ice biogeochemistry, particulate flux, and the distribution and significance of palaeo sea ice. |
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Publisher |
Blackwell Science Ltd |
Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
Thomas, D.N.; Dieckmann, G.S. |
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0-632-05808-0 |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ admin @ Thomas+Dieckmann2003 |
Serial |
15290 |
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